CDC Response Identifies Infant Botulism Outbreak Linked to Powdered Formula

Atlanta, Georgia; December 13th, 2025.

Officials with THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION announced that a rapid response investigation led to the identification of the first known infant botulism outbreak linked to powdered infant formula, with the agency stating that swift laboratory testing, epidemiological coordination, and product tracing helped determine the source and limit further exposure.

According to information released by THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION, infant botulism is a rare but serious illness caused when Clostridium botulinum spores grow and produce toxin in an infant’s intestines, leading to symptoms that can include constipation, poor feeding, weak cry, and muscle weakness. The agency stated that early recognition and rapid public health action are critical to improving outcomes.

THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION reported that its investigators worked alongside state and local health departments after clinicians identified multiple infants with symptoms consistent with botulism. Laboratory testing conducted through CDC reference facilities confirmed the presence of botulinum toxin, and a coordinated investigation traced the exposure to a specific powdered infant formula product.

The CDC stated that once the link was identified, public health officials acted quickly to notify healthcare providers, inform the public, and support regulatory actions aimed at preventing additional cases. The agency emphasized that prompt reporting by clinicians and cooperation between laboratories and public health partners played a central role in resolving the outbreak.

Officials with THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION also reiterated that infant botulism remains rare in the United States, but urged caregivers and healthcare professionals to be aware of early warning signs, noting that early diagnosis and treatment with botulism immune globulin can significantly improve recovery.

The agency stated that its rapid response capabilities are designed to identify emerging threats, trace sources of infection, and protect public health through timely investigation and communication. CDC officials added that continued surveillance and collaboration with healthcare systems remain essential to detecting rare but serious illnesses when they occur.

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Sources

Primary First Hand Sources

• THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION, CDC Newsroom release on infant botulism outbreak linked to powdered formula
• THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION, official clinical and surveillance information on infant botulism